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Golden Gate Park windmills
There are two functioning windmills on the western edge of Golden Gate Park in San Francisco, California.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.golden-gate-park.com/windmills.html )〕 The northern Dutch Windmill was completed in 1903, and the southern McNamara and Mikovich Windmill was completed in 1908.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.windmillworld.com/world/california.htm )〕 The Dutch Mill was placed on the San Francisco Designated Landmark list December 6, 1981, and the Murphy Mill was added July 2, 2000.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sf-planning.org/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=5081 )〕
==History==
In the 1870s and 1880s, Golden Gate Park was planted on sand dunes and required substantial irrigation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist/wmill.html )〕 In 1902, the Park Commission authorized the construction of two windmills to pump groundwater for park irrigation rather than purchasing water at exorbitant costs from the Spring Valley Water Company.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sfwindmills.org/info/index.html )〕 The Dutch Mill was completed one year later and pumped 30,000 gallons per hour.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.outsidelands.org/dutch_windmill.php )〕 Five years later, the Murphy Mill pumped an additional 40,000 gallons per hour to the park.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.outsidelands.org/murphy_windmill.php )〕
Electric water pumps replaced the need for windmills in 1913, and the two mills fell into disrepair. By the 1950s, the mills were in a state of ruin.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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